A video survey of Ginsburgs Fringe lettuce coral, 65 m.
Diver: Rosmin Ennis. Video: Tyler Smith
PUBLICATIONS
Welcome to the Publications page of the Coral Reef Resilience Lab of Dr. Tyler Smith at the University of the Virgin Islands.
Coral Reefs 41: 961–972, 2022
FEATURED PUBLICATION
Predicting coral metapopulation decline in a changing thermal environment
Holstein DM, Smith TB, Van Hooidonk R, Paris C
Thermal stress is expected to compromise the persistence of tropical corals throughout their biogeographic ranges. Our modeling showed that as coral reef patches become inhospitable throughout the next century, the metapopulation of the boulder star coral Orbicella annularis is predicted to fragment, with sub-networks centered around highly connected patches and thermal refuges. Despite dire predictions, the model highlights the potential value in protecting and restoring coral populations at strategic locations that are highly connected and/or influential to persistence.
Coral Reefs 40:1729-1740, 2021
FEATURED PUBLICATION
Caribbean corals exhibit species-specific differences in competitive abilities with an aggressive encrusting alga, Ramicrusta textilis.
Hollister KJ, Ennis RS, Spalding HL, Gabrielson GW, Smith TB
This work by former CORRL student Karli Hollister showed the coral killing abilities of an aggressive encrusting alga. She used field observations and 3-D imaging to show the spreading rates of R. textilis over living stony coral tissue. She found that the alga actually grew faster on most corals than open substrates, perhaps suggesting an advantage to the alga when in competion with coral. However, at least one coral species was resistant to overgrowth.
FEATURED PUBLICATION
Increased dominance of heat-tolerant symbionts creates resilient coral reefs in near-term ocean warming
Palacio-Castro AM, Smith TB, Brandtneris V, Snyder GA, van Hooidonk R, Maté JL, Manzello D, Glynn PW, Fong P, Baker AC
Global warming is causing the loss of coral reefs worldwide, as a result of heat-induced coral bleaching and mortality. Here, we examined the potential mechanisms that have increased the heat resistance of dominant framework-building coral taxa (Pocillopora spp.) on reefs in the eastern tropical Pacific. We propose that increasing abundance of a thermotolerant symbiotic alga (Durusdinium glynnii) hosted by these corals has facilitated the maintenance of high coral cover after three mass coral bleaching events. This study reveals a mechanism by which some reefs may be more resilient than previously thought and illustrates how future reefs might still maintain high cover for several decades, albeit with low diversity, provided other stressors are minimized.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120:e2202388120, 2023
*Indicates student author.
scuba_diving indicates Mesophotic Research / grain indicates Ciguatera Poisoning / looks indicates Coral Futures
For pdf’s please write to Dr. Smith at tsmith@uvi.edu
Publication List
Accepted/In Press
scuba_diving Grove LJW, Blondeau J, Swanson DW, Heidmann SL, Smith SG, Brandtneris VW, Smith TB (in press) Expansion of an established fishery-independent survey into the U.S. Virgin Islands’ upper mesophotic zone: feasibility and management implications. Bulletin of Marine Science https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2023.0013
scuba_diving Heidmann SL, Brandtneris VW, Ennis RS, Blondeau J, Grove LJW, Smith TB (in press) Depth and structure as environmental drivers of fish communities across a shallow to mesophotic gradient in the northern US Virgin Islands. Bulletin of Marine Science https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2023.0022
scuba_diving Slattery M, Lesser MP, Rocha LA, Spalding HL, Smith TB (in press) The role of mesophotic reefs in coral ecosystems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2024.01.011
2023
looks Adem K, *Flanagan D, Brandt ME, Ortiz J, Smith TB (2023) Semi-analytical inversion modelling of Chlorophyll a variability in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Frontiers in Remote Sensing 4
looks Barber PH, Barber-Choi JK, Betancourt A, Cuker B, Davis A, Fong CR, Fong P, Fong J, Gibson DM, Smith TB (accepted) Advancing diversity and inclusivity in ocean sciences by re-envisioning overlooked barriers in scientific diving training. Oceanography https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2024.125
looks Beavers K, Van Buren E, Rossin A, Emery M, Veglia A, Karrick C, MacKnight N, Dimos B, Meiling S,Smith TB, Apprill A, Muller EM, Holstein DM, Correa AMS, Brandt ME, Mydlarz L (in press) Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease Induces Transcriptional Signatures ofin situDegradation of Dysfunctional Symbiodiniaceae. Nature Communications
looks Fong C, Smith TB, Muthukrishnan R, Fong P (2023) A persistent green algal mat shifts ecological functioning and composition of associated species on an Eastern Tropical Pacific coral reef. Marine Environmental Research https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105952
looks Palacio-Castro A, Smith TB, Brandtneris VW, Snyder GA, van Hooidonk R, Maté JL, Manzello D, Glynn PW, Fong P, Baker AC (2023) Increased dominance of heat-tolerant symbionts create resilient coral reefs in near-term ocean warming. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120:e2202388120 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2202388120
grain Parsons ML, Richlen ML, Smith TB, Anderson DM, Abram AL, Erdner DL, Robertson A (accepted) CiguaMOD I: a conceptual model of ciguatoxin loading in the Greater Caribbean Region. Harmful Algae
grain Richlen ML, Horn K, Uva V, Fachon E, Heidmann SL, Smith TB, Parsons ML, Anderson DM (2023) Gambierdiscus species diversity and community structure in St. Thomas, USVI and the Florida Keys, USA. Harmful Algae:102562
looks Soares MO, Garcia TM, Giarrizzo T, Martinelli Filho JE, Tavares TCL, Ziveri P, Smith TB, Bejarano S, Peres Teixeira CE (2023) Marine debris provide long-distance pathways for spreading invasive corals. Science of the Total Environment 900:165637 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165637
scuba_diving Townsend JE, Brandt ME, Mukherjee S, Medina M, Smith TB (2023) Differing lesion recovery rates of two Caribbean stony coral species across a shallow water to mesophotic depth gradient suggest different sensitivity to repeated disturbance. Coral Reefs https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-023-02414-3
2022
scuba_diving Carneiro PBM, Ximenes Neto AR, Jucá-Queiroz B, Teixeira CEP, Feitosa CV, Barroso CX, Matthews‑Cascon H, Morais JO, Freitas JEP, Santander-Neto J, de Araújo JT, Monteiro LHU, de S. Pinheiro L, Braga MDA, Cordeiro RTS, Sergio S, Bejarano S, Sula Salani S, Garcia TM, da C. Lotufo DM, Smith TB, Vicente V Faria VV, Soares, MO (2022) Interconnected marine habitats form a single continental‑scale reef system in South America. Scientific Reports 12:17359
looks Edmunds PJ, Smith TB (2022) Spatial variation in the dynamics and synchrony of coral reefs in the US Virgin Islands. Marine Biology 169:60
looks Holstein DM, Smith TB, Van Hooidonk R, Paris C (2022) Predicting coral metapopulation decline in a changing thermal environment. Coral Reefs 41: 961–972
looks *Huntley N, Brandt ME, Becker C, Miller C, Meiling S, Correa A, Holstein DM, Muller E, Mydlarz L, Smith TB, Apprill A (2022) Experimental transmission of Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease results in differential microbial responses within coral mucus and tissue. ISME Communications 2:46
looks Ma L, Becker C, Weber L, Sullivan C, Zgliczynski B, Sandin S, Brandt M, Smith TB, Apprill A (2022) Biogeography of reef water microbes from within reef to global scales. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 88:81-94
looks Santavy DL, Jackson SK, Jessup B, Gerritsen J, Rogers C, Fisher WS, Weil E, Szmant A, Cuevas-Miranda D, Walker BK, Jeffrey C, Bradley P, Ballantine D, Roberson L, Ruiz-Torres H, Todd B, Smith T, Clark R, Diaz E, Bauzá-Ortega J, Horstmann C, Raimondo S (2022) A biological condition gradient for coral reefs in the US Caribbean Territories: Part I. Coral narrative rules. Ecological Indicators 138:108805
looks *Veglia A, *Beavers K, Van Buren E, Meiling S, Muller E, Smith TB, Holstein DM, Apprill A, Brandt ME, Mydlarz L, Correa A (2022) Novel Alphaflexiviridae genomes associated with stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD)-affected, disease-exposed and unexposed coral colonies in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Microbiology Resource Announcements 11:e01199-01121
2021
looks Brandt ME, Ennis RS, Meiling SS, Townsend J, Cobleigh K, Glahn A, Quetel J, Brandtneris VW, Henderson LM, Smith TB (2021) The emergence and initial impact of Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease (SCTLD) in the United States Virgin Islands. Frontiers in Marine Science 8:1105
scuba_diving Chaves-Fonnegra A, Panassiti B, Smith TB, *Brown E, *Clemens E, *Sevier M, Brandt ME (2021) Seawater turbidity and temperature as drivers of white plague disease on Caribbean coral reefs. Ecography 40:1071-1085
looks* Costa SV, *Hibberts SJ, *Olive DA, *Budd KA, *Long AE, *Meiling SS, *Miller MB, *Vaughn KM, *Carrión CI, *Cohen MB, *Savage AE, *Souza MF, Buckley L, Grimes, KW, Platenberg R, Smith TB, Blondeau J, Brandt ME (2021) Diversity and Disease: The effects of coral diversity on prevalence and impacts of stony coral tissue loss disease in Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Frontiers in Marine Science 8:747
scuba_diving *Egan KE, Viehman TS, Holstein DM, Poti M, Groves SH, Smith TB (2021) Predicting the distribution of threatened orbicellid corals in shallow and mesophotic reef ecosystems. Marine Ecology Progress Series 667:61-81
looks *Hollister KJ, Ennis RS, Spalding HL, Gabrielson GW, Smith TB (2021) Caribbean corals exhibit species-specific differences in competitive abilities with an aggressive encrusting alga, Ramicrusta textilis. Coral Reefs 40:1729-1740
grain Liefer JD, Richlen ML, Smith TB, DeBose JL, Xu Y, Anderson DM, Robertson A (2021) Asynchrony of Gambierdiscus spp. abundance and toxicity in the U.S. Virgin Islands: Implications for monitoring and management of ciguatera. Toxins 13(6)
looks Meiling SS, Muller EM, Lasseigne D, Rossin A, Veglia AJ, MacKnight N, Dimos B, Huntley N, Correa AMS, Smith TB, Holstein DM, Mydlarz LD, Apprill A, Brandt ME (2021) Variable species responses to experimental stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) exposure. Frontiers in Marine Science 8:464
looks Ogurcak DE, Donoso M, Duran A, Ennis RS, Gann D, Gulick A, Olivas P, Smith TB, Stoa R, Vargas J, Wachnika A, Whitman E (2021) Natural resource condition assessment: Buck Island Reef National Monument. Natural Resource Report NPS/BUIS/NRR—2022/2380. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
looks Ogurcak DE, Donoso M, Duran A, Ennis RS, Frankovich T, Gann D, Olivas P, Smith TB, Stoa R, Vargas J, Wachnika A, Whitman E (2021) Natural resource condition assessment: Salt River Bay National Historical Park and Ecological Preserve. Natural Resource Report NPS/SARI/NRR—2022/XXXX. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
looks Ogurcak DE, Donoso M, Duran A, Ennis RS, Frankovich T, Gann D, Olivas P, Smith TB, Stoa R, Vargas J, Wachnika A, Whitman E (2021) Natural resource condition assessment: Virgin Islands National Park and Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument. Natural Resource Report NPS/VIIS/NRR—2022/2408. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
grain Parsons ML, Richlen ML, Smith TB, Solow AR, Andersons DM (2021) Evaluation of 24-hour screen deployments as a standardized platform to monitor Gambierdiscus populations in the Florida Keys and U.S. Virgin Islands. Harmful Algae 103:101998
grain *Pitz KJ, Richlen ML, Fachon E, Smith TB, Parsons ML, Anderson DM (2021) Development of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes to detect and enumerate Gambierdiscus species. Harmful Algae 101:101914
looks *Ramseyer T, Tronholm A, Turner T, Brandt ME, Smith TB (2021) Elevated nutrients and herbivory negatively affect Dictyota growth dynamics. Marine Ecology Progress Series 671:81-95
2020
looks *Artim JM, Nicholson MD, Hendrick GC, Brandt M, Smith TB, Sikkel PC (2020) Abundance of a cryptic generalist parasite reflects degradation of an ecosystem. Ecosphere 11:e03268
looks Bradley P, Jessup B, Pittman SJ, Jeffrey CFG, Ault JS, Carrubba L, Lilyestrom C, Appeldoorn RS, Schärer MT, Walker BK, McField M, Santavy DL, Smith TB, García-Moliner G, Smith SG, Huertas E, Gerritsen J, Oliver LM, Horstmann C, Jackson SK (2020) Development of a reef fish biological condition gradient model with quantitative decision rules for the protection and restoration of coral reef ecosystems. Marine Pollution Bulletin 159:111387
looks Gochfeld DJ, Olson JB, Chaves-Fonnegra A, Smith TB, Ennis RS, Brandt ME (2020) Impacts of Hurricanes Irma and Maria on coral reef sponge communities in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Estuaries and Coasts 43: 1235-1247
looks *Meiling S, Smith TB, Muller E, Brandt ME (2020) 3D photogrammetry reveals dynamics of stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) lesion progression across a thermal stress event. Frontiers in Marine Science 7: 597643
looks *Williams L, Smith TB, Burge CA, Brandt ME (2020) Species-specific susceptibility to white plague disease in three common Caribbean corals. Coral Reefs 39:27-31
2019
scuba_diving Bongaerts P, Smith TB (2019) Beyond the ‘deep reef refuge’ hypothesis: a conceptual framework to characterize persistence at depth. In: Loya Y, Puglise KA, Bridge T (eds) Coral Reefs of the World: Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Springer
looks Edmunds PJ, Adam TC, Baker AC, Doo SS, Glynn PW, Manzello DP, Silbiger NJ, Smith TB, Fong P (2019) Why more comparative approaches are required in time-series analyses of coral reef ecosystems. Marine Ecology Progress Series 608:297-306
scuba_diving Holstein DM, Fletcher P, Groves SH, Smith TB (2019) Ecosystems services of mesophotic coral ecosystems and a call for better accounting. In: Loya Y, Puglise KA, Bridge T (eds) Coral Reefs of the World: Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Springer
looks National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2019) A Decision Framework for Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC. Co-author and member of committee “Interventions to Increase the Resilience of Coral Reefs”
scuba_diving Smith TB, Brandt ME, Brandtneris VW, Ennis RS, Groves SH, Habtes S, Holstein DM, Kadison E, Nemeth RS (2019) Mesophotic coral ecosystems of the United States Virgin Islands. In: Loya Y, Puglise KA, Bridge T (eds) Coral Reefs of the World: Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Springer
scuba_diving Smith TB, Holstein DM, Ennis RS (2019) Disturbance in mesophotic coral ecosystems and linkages to conservation and management. In: Loya Y, Puglise KA, Bridge T (eds) Coral Reefs of the World: Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. Springer
2018
looks Chaves-Fonnegra A, Riegl B, Zea S, Lopez JV, Smith TB, Brandt M, Gilliam DS (2018) Bleaching events regulate shifts from corals to excavating sponges in algae-dominated reefs. Global Change Biology 24:773-785
grain Lozano-Duque YL, Richlen ML, Smith TB, Anderson DM, Erdner DL (2018) Development and validation of PCR-RFLP assay for identification of Gambierdiscus species in the greater Caribbean region. Journal of Applied Phycology 30(6):3529-3540
looks Glynn PW, Feingold JS, Baker A, Banks S, Baums IB, Cole J, Colgan MW, Fong P, Glynn PJ, Keith I, Manzello D, Riegl B, Ruttenberg BI, Smith TB, Vera-Zambrano M (2018) State of corals and coral reefs of the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador): Past, present and future. Marine Pollution Bulletin 133:717-733
scuba_diving*Groves SH, Holstein DM, Enochs IC, Kolodzeij G, Manzello DP, Brandt ME, Smith TB (2018) Growth rates of Porites astreoides and Orbicella franksi in mesophotic habitats surrounding St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands. Coral Reefs 37(2): 345-354.
grain Loeffler C, Robertson A, Flores Quintana H, Canals-Silander M, Smith TB, Olsen D (2018) Ciguatoxin prevalence in four commercial fish species along an oceanic exposure gradient in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 37(7):1852-1863
scuba_diving*Maher RL, Johnston MA, Brandt ME, Smith TB, Correa AMS (2018) Depth and coral cover drive the distribution of a coral macroborer across two reef systems. PLoS one 13:e0199462-e0199462
looks National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2018) A Research Review of Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Co-author and member of committee “Interventions to Increase the Resilience of Coral Reefs”
grain Sassenhagen I, Gao Y, Lozano-Duque Y, Parsons M, Smith TB, Erdner D (2018) Comparison of spatial and temporal genetic differentiation in a harmful dinoflagellate species emphasizes impact of local processes. Frontiers in Marine Science 5(593)
2017
looks Fong P, Smith TB, Muthukrishnan R (2017) Algal Dynamics: Alternate Stable States of Reefs in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. In: Glynn WP, Manzello PD, Enochs CI (eds) Coral Reefs of the Eastern Tropical Pacific: Persistence and Loss in a Dynamic Environment. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp339-367
scuba_diving Kadison E, Brandt M, Nemeth R, Martens J, Blondeau J, Smith TB (2017) Abundance of commercially important reef fish indicates different levels of over-exploitation across shelves of the U.S. Virgin Islands. PLOS ONE 12:e0180063
grain Lyu Y, Richlen ML, Sehein TR, Chinain M, Adachi M, Nishimura T, Xua Y, Parsons ML, Smith TB, Zheng T, Anderson DM (2017) LSU rDNA based RFLP assays for the routine identification of Gambierdiscus species. Harmful Algae 66:20-28
*Olinger LK, *Heidmann SL, *Durdall AN, *Howe C, *Ramseyer T, *Thomas SG, *Lasseigne DN, *Brown EJ, *Cassell JS, *Donihe MM, *Duffing Romero MD, *Duke MA, *Green D, *Hillbrand P, Wilson Grimes KR, Nemeth RS, Smith TB, Brandt M (2017) Altered juvenile fish communities associated with invasive Halophila stipulacea seagrass habitats in the U.S. Virgin Islands. PLOS ONE 12:e0188386
looks Smith TB, Maté JL, Gyory J (2017) Thermal Refuges and Refugia for Stony Corals in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. In: Glynn WP, Manzello PD, Enochs CI (eds) Coral Reefs of the Eastern Tropical Pacific: Persistence and Loss in a Dynamic Environment. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp501-515
2016
scuba_diving *Andradi-Brown D, Laverick J, Bejarano I, Bridge T, Colin PL, Eyal G, Jones R, Kahng SE, Reed J, Smith TB, Spalding HL, Weil E, Wood E (2016) Chapter 6. Threats to mesophotic coral ecosystems and management options. In: Baker EK, Puglise KA, Harris PT (eds) Mesophotic coral ecosystems — A lifeboat for coral reefs. The United Nations Environment Programme and GRID-Arendal, Nairobi and Arendal, pp98
scuba_diving Brandtneris*§ VW, Brandt ME, Glynn PW, Gyory J, Smith TB (2016) Seasonal variability in energy content is greater in mesophotic corals. PLoS ONE 11:e0151953
looks *Bright AJ, Rogers C, Brandt M, Muller E, Smith TB (2016) Disease prevalence and snail predation associated with swell-generated damage on the threatened coral, Acropora palmata (Lamarck). Frontiers in Marine Science 3:77
looks Devlin-Durante MK, Miller MW, Caribbean Acropora Research Group [Carne L, Smith TB, Banaszak AT, Greer L, Fogarty ND, Williams D], Precht WF, Baums IB (2016) How old are you? Genet age estimates in a clonal animal. Molecular Ecology 25:5628–5646
looks *Ennis RS, Brandt ME, Wilson KR, Smith TB (2016) Coral reef health response to chronic and acute changes in water quality in St. Thomas, United States Virgin Islands. Marine Pollution Bulletin 111:418-427
scuba_diving Holstein DM, Smith TB, Appeldoorn RS (2016) Chapter 5. Ecosystem services provided by mesophotic coral ecosystems. In: Baker EK, Puglise KA, Harris PT (eds) Mesophotic coral ecosystems — A lifeboat for coral reefs? The United Nations Environment Programme and GRID-Arendal, Nairobi and Arendal, pp98
scuba_diving *Holstein DM, Smith TB, Paris CB (2016) Depth-independent reproduction in the reef coral Porites astreoides from shallow to mesophotic zones. PLoS ONE 11:e0146068
scuba_diving *Holstein DM, Smith TB, Vaz AC, Paris CB (2016) Modeling vertical coral connectivity and mesophotic refugia. Coral Reefs 35:23-37
scuba_diving *Serrano XM, Baums IB, Smith TB, Jones RJ, Shearer TL, Baker AC (2016) Long-distance dispersal and vertical gene flow in the Caribbean brooding coral Porites astreoides. Scientific Reports 6:21619
scuba_diving Smith TB, Brandtneris VW, Canals M, Brandt ME, Martens J, Brewer RS, Kadison E, *Kammann M, *Keller J, Holstein DM (2016) Potential structuring forces on a shelf edge upper mesophotic coral ecosystem in the US Virgin Islands. Frontiers in Marine Science 3:115 DOI:10.3389/fmars.2016.00115
scuba_diving Smith TB, Gyory J, Brandt ME, Miller WJ, *Jossart J, Nemeth RS (2016) Caribbean mesophotic coral ecosystems are unlikely climate change refugia. Global Change Biology 22:2756–2765 DOI:10.1111/gcb.13175
scuba_diving Smith TB, Holstein DM (2016) Chapter 3.4 The United States Virgin Islands, USA. in Baker, E.K., Puglise, K.A. and Harris, P.T. (Eds.). Mesophotic coral ecosystems — A lifeboat for coral reefs? In: Baker EK, Puglise KA, Harris PT (eds) Mesophotic coral ecosystems — A lifeboat for coral reefs? The United Nations Environment Programme and GRID-Arendal, Nairobi and Arendal, pp98
scuba_diving *Weinstein DK, Sharifi A, Klaus JS, Smith TB, Giri SJ, Helmle KP (2016) Coral growth, bioerosion, and secondary accretion of living orbicellid corals from mesophotic reefs in the US Virgin Islands. Marine Ecology Progress Series 559:45-63
grain *Xu Y, Richlen ML, Liefer J, Robertson A, Kulis D, Smith TB, Parsons ML, Anderson DM (2016) Influence of environmental variables on Gambierdiscus spp. (Dinophyceae) growth and distribution. PLoS ONE11:e0153197
2015
scuba_diving *Eyal G, Wiedenmann J, Grinblat M, D’Angelo C, Kramarsky-Winter E, Treibitz T, Ben-Zvi O, Shaked Y, Smith TB, Harii S, Denis V, Noyes T, Tamir R, Loya Y (2015) Spectral Diversity and Regulation of Coral Fluorescence in a Mesophotic Reef Habitat in the Red Sea. PLoS ONE 10:e0128697
looks Glynn PW, Riegl B, Purkis S, *Kerr J, Smith TB (2015) Coral reef recovery at Darwin, the northern-most of the Galapagos Islands. Coral Reefs 34:421-436 DOI 10.1007/s00338-015-1280-4
scuba_diving *Holstein DM, Smith TB, Gyory J, Paris CB (2015) Fertile fathoms: mesophotic reefs as reproductive refugia. Scientific Reports 5:12407
grain *Loeffler CR, Richlen ML, Brandt ME, Smith TB (2015) Effects of grazing, nutrients, and depth on the ciguatera-causing dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus in the US Virgin Islands. Marine Ecology Progress Series531:91-104
looks *Sabine AM, Smith TB, Williams DE, Brandt ME (2015) Environmental conditions influence tissue regeneration rates in scleractinian corals. Marine Pollution Bulletin 95:253-264
scuba_diving *Weinstein D, Smith TB, Klaus J (2015) Habitat heterogeneity reflected in mesophotic reef sediments. Sedimentary Geology 329:177-187
2014
looks Baums IB, Devlin-Durante M, Aren Ajeng Lian B, Feingold J, Smith TB, Bruckner A, Monteiro* J (2014) A highly replicated remnant coral clone in volcanic pools of Isabella Island is the only known representative of Pocillopora type 1a in the Galapagos. Frontiers of Marine Science 1:00059 DOI 10.3389/fmars.2014.00059
looks Edmunds PJ, Adjeroud M, Baskett ML, Baums IB, Budd AF, Carpenter RC, Fabina NS, Fan T-Y, Franklin EC, Gross K, *Han X, Jacobson L, Klaus JS, McClanahan TR, O'Leary JK, van Oppen MJH, Pochon X, *Putnam HM, Smith TB, Stat M, Sweatman H, van Woesik R, Gates RD (2014) Persistence and change in community composition of reef corals through present, past, and future climates. PLoS ONE 9:e107525
looks Schärer-Umpierre MT, Mateos-Molina D, Appeldoorn R, Bejarano I, Hernández-Delgado EA, Nemeth RS, Nemeth M, Valdés-Pizzini M, Smith TB (2014) Marine managed areas and associated fisheries in the US Caribbean. In: Johnson ML, Sandell J (eds) Advances in Marine Biology: Marine Managed Areas and Fisheries. Elsevier, pp416
scuba_diving*Serrano X, Baums I, O’Reilly K, Smith TB, Jones R, Shearer T, Flavia N, Baker A (2014) Geographic differences in vertical connectivity in the Caribbean coral Montastraea cavernosa despite high levels of horizontal connectivity at shallow depths. Molecular Ecology 23:4226–4240
looks Smith TB, Glynn PW, Mate JL, Toth LT, Gyory J (2014) A depth refuge from catastrophic coral bleaching prevents regional extinction. Ecology 95:1663-1673
scuba_diving*Weinstein DK, Smith TB, Klaus JS (2014) Mesophotic bioerosion: structural impact and changes with depth on US Virgin Island deep reefs. Geomorphology 222:14-24
2013
looks Brandt ME, Smith TB, Correa AMS, Vega-Thurber R (2013) Disturbance driven colony fragmentation as a driver of a coral disease outbreak. PLoS ONE 8:e57164
grain *Radke EG, Grattan LM, Cook RL, Smith TB, Anderson DM, Morris Jr. JG (2013) Ciguatera incidence in the US Virgin Islands has not increased over a 30-year time period despite rising seawater temperatures. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 88:908-913
grain Robertson A, Garcia AC, Flores Quintana HA, Smith TB, Castillo BF, Reale-Munroe K, Gulli JA, Olsen DA, Jester ELE, Hooe-Rollman JI, Jester ELE, Klimek BJ, Plakas SM (2013) Invasive Lionfish (Pterois volitans): A potential human health threat for Ciguatera Fish Poisoning in tropical waters. Marine Drugs12:88-97
looks Smith TB, Brandt ME, Calnan JM, Nemeth RS, Blondeau J, Kadison E, Taylor M, Rothenberger JP (2013) Convergent mortality responses of Caribbean coral species to seawater warming. Ecosphere 4:art87
looks *Soffer N, Brandt ME, Correa AMS, Smith TB, Vega Thurber R (2013) Viruses as putative pathogens of white plague coral disease. The ISME Journal 8:271-283
2010
looks Eakin CM, Morgan JA, Heron SF, Smith TB, and 63 others (2010) Caribbean corals in crisis: record thermal stress, bleaching, and mortality in 2005. PLoS ONE 5:e13969
scuba_divingGleason ACR, Lirman D, Gintert B, Dick M, Reid RP, Gracias N, Smith TB (2010) Landscape video mosaic from a mesophotic coral ecosystem. Coral Reefs 29:253
looks Kadison E, Nemeth RS, Blondeau J, Smith TB, Calnan JM (2010) Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) in St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands, with evidence for a spawning aggregation site recovery. Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute 62:273-279
looks Smith TB, Fong P, Kennison R, Smith J (2010) Spatial refuges and associational defenses promote harmful blooms of the alga Caulerpa sertularioides onto coral reefs. Oecologia 164:1039-1048
scuba_divingSmith TB, Blondeau J, Nemeth RS, Pittman, SJ, Calnan JM, Kadison E, Gass J (2010) Benthic structure and cryptic mortality in a Caribbean mesophotic coral reef bank system, the Hind Bank Marine Conservation District, U.S. Virgin Islands. Coral Reefs 29:289-308
2009
looks Correa AMS, Brandt ME, Smith TB, Thornhill D, Baker AC (2009) Symbiodinium associations with diseased and healthy scleractinian corals. Coral Reefs 28:437-448
looks Vermeij MJA, Smith TB, Dailer M, Smith C (2009) Release from native herbivores facilitates the persistence of invasive marine algae: a biogeographical comparison of the relative contribution of nutrients and herbivory to invasion success. Biological Invasions 11:1463-1474
2008
scuba_diving Calnan J, Smith TB, Nemeth R, Kadison E, Blondeau J (2008) Coral disease prevalence and host susceptibility on mid-depth and deep reefs in the US Virgin Islands. Revista Biologia Tropical 56:223-234
scuba_diving Nemeth RS, Kadison E, Blondeau J, Idrisi N, Watlington R, Brown K, Smith TB, Carr L (2008) Regional coupling of red hind spawning aggregations to oceanographic processes in the Eastern Caribbean. In: Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute. Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series NMSP-08-07 Belize City, pp. 170-183
scuba_diving Rogers C, Miller J, Muller E, Edmunds P, Nemeth R, Beets J, Friedlander A, Smith TB, Boulon R, Jeffrey C, Menza C, Caldow C, Idrisi I, Kojis B, Monaco M, Spitzack T, Gladfelter B, Ogden J, Hillis-Starr Z, Lundgren I, Bane Schill W, Kuffner I, Richardson L, Devine B, Voss J (2008) Coral Reefs of the US Virgin Islands. In (Dodge R and Reigl B eds): Coral Reefs of the World. Vol 1. Coral Reefs of the United States. Springer, New York, pp 803
scuba_diving Rothenberger J, Blondeau J, Cox C, Curtis S, Fisher B, Garrison G, Hillis-Starr Z, Jeffrey C, Kadison E, Lundgren I, Miller W, Muller E, Nemeth RS, Paterson S, Rogers CS, Smith TB, Spitzack A, Taylor M, Toller W, Wright J, Wusinich-Mendez D (2008) The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the U.S. Virgin Islands. In: Waddell JE, Clarke AM (eds) The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the United States and Pacific Freely Associated States: 2008. NOAA Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment’s Biogeography Team, Silver Spring, MD, pp 567
looks Smith, TB (2008) Temperature effects on herbivory for an Indo-Pacific parrotfish in Panamá: implications for coral-algal competition. Coral Reefs 27:397-405
scuba_diving Smith TB, Nemeth RS, Blondeau J, Calnan J, Kadison E, Herzlieb S (2008) Assessing coral reef health across onshore to offshore stress gradients in the US Virgin Islands. Marine Pollution Bulletin 56:1983-1991
looks Woody K, Atkinson A, Clark R, Jeffrey C, Lundgren I, Miller J, Monaco M, Muller E, Patterson M, Rogers C, Smith TB, Spitzack T, Waara R, Whelan K, Witcher B, Wright A (2008) Coral Bleaching in the U.S. Virgin Islands in 2005 and 2006. In: Wilkinson C, Souter D (eds) Status of Caribbean Coral Reefs After Bleaching and Hurricanes in 2005. Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, and Reef and Rainforest Research Center, Townsville, pp 152
2007
looks Manzello DP, Brandt ME, Smith TB, Lirman D, Nemeth RS (2007) Hurricanes benefit bleached corals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104(29):12035-12039
Smith TB, Purcell J, Barimo JF (2007) The rocky intertidal biota of the Florida Keys: fifty-two years of change after Stephenson and Stephenson (1950). Bulletin of Marine Science 80:1-19
2006
looks Fong P, Smith TB, Wartian MJ (2006) Protection by epiphytic cyanobacteria maintain shifts to macroalgal-dominated communities after the 1997-98 ENSO disturbance on coral reefs with intact herbivore populations. Ecology 87(5):1162-1168
looks Smith, TB (2006) Benthic algal production in an upwelling coral reef environment (Gulf of Panamá): evidence for control by fish herbivores. Proceedings of the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium, Okinawa, Japan 1:854-861
2005
looks Smith, TB (2005) Dynamics of Coral Reef Algae in an Upwelling System. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Miami
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